Dimethyl Carbonate (DMC): Selo sa Motheo se se Botlhole jo bo kwa Tlase, se se Dirang ka Bokgoni jo bo Kwa Godimo sa Khemeseteri e e Tswelelang Pele

Dipharologantsho tsa Fisikakhemikhale le Ditemogo tsa Dimolekhule

Mesola ya Popego
Botlhole jo bo kwa tlase: Ka LD55 (ya molomo, ya peba) ya 6400 mg/kg, DMC e babalesegile thata go feta diokobatsi tsa methylation tsa setso (sekao, dimethyl sulfate, LD55 = 140 mg/kg), e tsamaisana le molawana wa EU REACH wa ditshedi tse di kgotlelang tse di sa nneleng ruri.
Tsibogo:
Methylation: Setlhopha sa methoxy (−OCH3 ) se kgontsha phetiso e e babalesegileng ya setlhopha sa methyl, go emisetsa ditsela tse dingwe tse di botlhole.
Khabone: Setlhopha sa khabone (−CO−) se tlhofofatsa phapanyetsano ya ester le aminolysis, se tshegetsa tshwaraganyo e e senang phosgene ya dipolycarbonate.
Go tswakanya: Ka tlhomamo ya dielectric ya 3.1, DMC e tlhakana sentle le di-alcohol, di-ketone, le di-ester, fa e ntse e tswakana ka bontlhabongwe mo metsing (1.6 g/100 mL ka 20°C).

Tshedimosetso ya Botlhokwa
Ntlha ya go bela ya DMC ya 90.5°C e dira gore e tshwanele diphetogo tsa themphereitšha e e magareng le go boela ga ditlhaolosi, e tlhoka maatla a a kwa tlase ka 30% go na le dithulaganyo tse di theilweng mo benzene. Viscosity ya yona e e kwa tlase (0.664 mPa・s) e tokafatsa go elela mo ditirisong tse di tshwanang le di-electrolyte tsa dibeteri tsa lithiamo, fa enthalpy ya mouwane ya 363 kJ/kg e netefatsa dikelo tsa go omisa tse di magareng tsa dikhurumetso le dikgomaretsi. Ela tlhoko: Mofuta wa yona wa go thunya (3.1–20.5% vol) o tlhoka dithulaganyo tsa go tsenya mowa tsa 防爆 (tse di sa thunyeng).

Ditiriso tse di farologaneng tsa madirelo

Dipopontshwa tsa Tshwaraganyo e Tala
Tlhagiso ya Polykhaboneite (PC):
Thulaganyo e e senang Phosgene: DMC e tsiboga le bisphenol A (BPA) ka go e fetola go tlhagisa diphenyl khaboneite (DPC), e morago ga moo e fetolwang go nna PC. Mokgwa o o oketsa bokgoni jwa athomo go fitlha go 92% (vs. 65% mo ditseleng tsa phosgene tsa setso) le go fedisa ditlhagiswa tse di botlhole.
Tshebetso ya Sehlahiswa: Di-resin tsa PC tse hlahisitsweng di fana ka ≥90% ya phetiso ya lesedi, mocheso wa ho sotha wa mocheso wa 135 ° C, le matla a phahameng a tshusumetso a 10% ho feta PC e tswang ka phosgene, e sebediswang di-casing tsa elektroniki le dikwahelo tsa mabone a hlooho a dikoloi.
Dikhemisi le Dikhemikhale tsa Temothuo:
Diphetogo tsa Methylation: E emisetsa dimethyl sulfate mo go tlhakanyeng melemo ya pelo le methapo (sekao, nifedipine) le diokobatsi tse di lwantshang go tshwenyega thata mo maikutlong (sekao, sertraline), e tokafatsa thobo ka 15-20% ka methanol jaaka setlhagiswa se le sengwe fela.
Ditiriso tsa Carbonylation: E dirisiwa mo tlhagisong ya carbaryl (sebolayasenyi) go tila go bola ga HCl, go fokotsa ditshenyegelo ka 25%.

Maatla le Didirisiwa tse dintšhwa
Dieleketerolaete tsa Beteri ya Lithiamo:
E kopantswe le ethylene khaboneite (EC) le ethyl methyl khaboneite (EMC), DMC e etsa dieleketerolaete tse leka-lekaneng tse nang le phetiso ya ionic ho fihlela ho 1.2 mS / cm. Seno se atolosa botshelo jwa modikologo wa beteri go fitlha go makgetlo a le 1 200 (go boloka bokgoni ≥85%), go fitlhelela Molawana wa Beteri wa EU (2023/0051) wa botlhole jo bo kwa tlase. E se e amohetswe ka tlhahiso ya betri ya 4680 ya Tesla.
Didirisiwa tse di Bolang:
E kopantswe le propylene oxide go bopa polypropylene carbonate (PPC), didirisiwa tse di theilweng mo DMC di monya 40% ya CO2 mme di senyega mo dikgweding di le 6-12, di samagana le matlakala a polasetiki mo dilong tsa tafole tse di dirisiwang gangwe fela le mo difiliming tsa temothuo.

Dikhurumelo le Dikgomaretsi
Ditlhaolosi tse di sa senyegeng mo tikologong: E ​​emisetsa toluene/xylene mo dipente tsa OEM tsa dikoloi, e fitlhelela diteng tsa VOC ≤50 g/L (tse di kwa tlase thata ga maemo a GB 24409-2020). Nako ya go omisa e fokodiwa go nna diura di le 2, ka bothata jwa filimi bo fitlha go 2H.
Dikgomaretsi tse di senang Formaldehyde: Di dirisiwa mo go bofeng diphanele tsa fanitšhara, dikgomaretsi tsa polyurethane tse di theilweng mo DMC di na le formaldehyde ya mahala ≤0.01 mg/m3 (mophato wa E0), e e thusang IKEA go fokotsa mesi ya formaldehyde ka ditone di le 500+ ka ngwaga.

Mesola ya Tikologo le Dikgwetlho tsa Setegeniki

Dintlhakgolo tsa Tsweletso
Ikonomi ya Atomo: Ditlhagiswa tse di jaaka methanol di ka dirisiwa gape ka go tlhotlhora, go fokotsa morwalo wa COD mo metsing a a leswe ka 70% fa go bapisiwa le dithulaganyo tsa setso.
Carbon Capture: Tshwaetso ya PC e e seng ya phosgene e fokotsa motlhala wa khabone ka 45%, fa tone nngwe le nngwe ya DMC e e tlhagisiwang e ja ditone di le 0.6 tsa CO2 go tswa mo gaseng ya molelo wa polante ya motlakase, e e tshegetsang CCU (go tshwara le go dirisa khabone).

Melelwane ya Boitshimololedi
Phokotso ya Ditshenyehelo: Mokgwa wa tswakanyo e tobileng ya CO2 (ho sebedisa methanol, CO2, le ditlhotlheletsi tse thehilweng hodima Pd) o fokotsa ditshenyehelo tsa thepa e tala ka 30%, ka polante ya teko ya Sinopec e fihlelang tlhahiso ya tekanyo ya kiloton.
Ditharabololo tsa Ultra-Purity: Thekenoloji ya go kgaoganya-go monya lera e fitlhelela DMC ya maemo a eleketeroniki e e nang le di-ion tsa tshipi ≤1 ppb le bophepa ≥99.999%, e fitlhelela maemo a SEMI C87 a go phepafatsa semiconductor.
Dithulaganyo tse di Babalesegileng: DMC e e tsenngwang mo di-nanoshell tsa SiO2) e tsholetsa ntlha ya go phatsima go ya go 60°C, e e netefaditsweng ke TÜV Rheinland gore e nne le pabalesego ya dipalangwa.

Ditlhaloso

Letlhare la Taolo ya Boleng

Ke Eng fa re Tlhopha DMC ya Rona?

Dinonofo tse nne tsa konokono
Netefaletso ya Bophepa:
Thulaganyo ya rona e e tswelelang ya go fetola ester ka go tlhotlhora gararo e ntsha DMC ya maemo a madirelo (≥99.5%) le ya maemo a eleketeroniki (≥99.99%), ka methanol ≤100 ppm. Kgetse: Moreki wa betri yo o dirisang DMC ya rona o fitlheletse bokgoni jwa ntlha jwa go tšhaja-go ntsha 98.7% (palogare ya intaseteri ya 95%).
Bokgoni jwa go itebaganya:
Ditharabololo tse di diretsweng boleng jwa esiti (≤0.001 mgKOH/g), bongola (≤50 ppm), le dipherokosaete (≤5 ppm). Ka sekai, re ne ra tlhama DMC e e kwa tlase thata ya esiti (0.0005 mgKOH/g) ya go dira melemo e e bosisi mo esiti.
Mokgwa wa Ikonomi ya Sediko:
Dihlahiswa tsa methanol di sebediswa hape ho ba syngas (CO + H2) bakeng sa tlhahiso ya DMC, ho fihlela bokgoni ba thepa ba 95% le ho fokotsa mesi ya CO2 ka ditone tse 3 ka tono ya DMC. Diphuthelwana tsa matlakala di phepafadiwa ka CO2 e e botlhokwa thata go dirisiwa gape ka 95%.
Go Ikobela Melao ya Lefatshe Lotlhe:
E tsamaisana le GB/T 1628-2020, ASTM D7056, le JIS K 1551. Dileibole tsa GHS tse di rulagantsweng le MSDS di fitlhelela ditlhokego tsa kgaolo (sekao, BIS ya India, INMETRO ya Brazil), go kgontsha go tlholwa ga melelwane ya diura di le 72.

Bobulatsela jwa Khemeseteri e e Tswelelang Pele

Dimethyl Carbonate e bopa madirelo sešwa ka dinonofo tsa yona tsa "go se botlhole, go dira sentle, le go dirisiwa gape". Re itlamela ka dithulaganyo tsa boitshimololedi le ditharabololo tse di kwa tlase tsa khabone, re neelana ka tshegetso ya bofelo go ya kwa bofelong go tswa mo dilong tse di tala go ya kwa ditirisong. Go tlhopha DMC ya rona go raya go dirisana le go itsetsepela—mo lerothodi lengwe le lengwe le kgweetsang phokotso ya kgotlhelo, tiriso e e siameng ya maatla, le kgatelopele ya thekenoloji, mmogo go aga isagwe e e tala ya dikhemikhale.